Shape statistics in kernel space for variational image segmentation

We present a variational integration of nonlinear shape statistics into a Mumford–Shah based segmentation process. The nonlinear statistics are derived from a set of training silhouettes by a novel method of density estimation which can be considered as an extension of kernel PCA to a probabilistic framework. We assume that the training data forms a Gaussian distribution after a nonlinear mapping to a higher-dimensional feature space. Due to the strong nonlinearity, the corresponding density estimate in the original space is highly non-Gaussian. Applications of the nonlinear shape statistics in segmentation and tracking of 2D and 3D objects demonstrate that the segmentation process can incorporate knowledge on a large variety of complex real-world shapes. It makes the segmentation process robust against misleading information due to noise, clutter and occlusion. ? 2003 Pattern Recognition Society. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.